International Multimodal Transport

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International Multimodal Transport-What is the international multimodal transport?

International multimodal transport is a location to another and the territory under the multimodal transport contract, at least two different modes of transport, multimodal transport operator, the goods from the territory of a country to take over the goods to specify the location of delivery of the goodsmodes of transport.

Multimodal transport operator (the Combined Transport Operator-CTO), refers to any person of his own or through their representatives, the multimodal transport contract. He bears the responsibility for the performance of the multimodal transport contract.

The difference between the international multimodal transport and international transport of goods:
Very few international multimodal transport by an operator to assume all transportation. Often told the commission of the shippers, intermodal operators to handle part of the carriage work, while the rest of the transport work commissioned other carrier. But this is different from the single mode of transport for those receiving the multimodal transport operator shall be responsible to transfer the care of the carrier, only in accordance with the contract of carriage, the relationship between the CTO is responsible for any business relationship with shippers. Therefore, the multimodal transport operator is the actual carrier, but "NVOCC (Non-Vessel Operating Carrier, referred to as the NVOC). International multimodal transport general international transport of goods at different points in the following areas:
(1) the content and production methods of shipping documents.
International multimodal transport for most of the "door to door" transport of goods shipment or loading or installed by the actual carrier issuing the bill of lading or waybill issued by the multimodal transport operator, the multimodal transport bill of lading, which is multi-modal intermodal with a single international shipping method is fundamentally different. In this case, the bill of lading or waybill shipper should be multimodal transport operator, consignee and notify party should normally be foreign affiliates of the multimodal transport operator or its agent; multimodal transport bill of lading the consignee and the consignor is a real, actual shipper and consignee, notify party is the port of destination or the final delivery location of the consignee or the agent of the consignee.
Unless otherwise specified port of loading on the multimodal transport bill of lading, port of discharge, but also sets out the receipt, the name of the place of delivery or final destination, as well as the name of the first leg of means of transport, cruises or trips, etc.
(2) the applicability of the multimodal transport bill of lading, and the transferability of general maritime bills of lading.
Only the general maritime bills of lading for sea, from this sense, the multimodal transport bill of lading only applies when combined in the maritime and other modes of transportation, but now it also applies to the outside of the shipping of two or more different modes of transport continuity of cross-border transport (foreign international multimodal transport document "can avoid conceptual confusion).
Multimodal transport bill of lading to the non-negotiable waybill transferability of the ocean bill of lading and other transport mode one, the multimodal transport operator, the issue of transfer may also be issued non-transferable, according to the requirements of the shipper can intermodal bill of lading. In the former case, the consignee column should be used to order; the latter case, the consignee column should specify the name of the consignee, and non-negotiable bill of lading.
(3) the terms of the letter of credit.
Under the terms of the multimodal transportation needs, the letter of credit shall have the following three-point changes:
(1) to the bank for negotiation can not be used to clean on board bill of lading issued by shipping companies and multimodal transport bill of lading should be issued by the multimodal transport operator, and should also indicate the bill of lading the rise of production, in order to clear the possibility of transfer.
The ② multimodal transport container transport in general (except in exceptional circumstances, such as machinery and equipment shipped overseas project contracting is not necessarily used containers), and therefore should increase in the credit designated by the terms of the container transport.
③ such as banks help turn single, changed directly by the shipper or consignor or multimodal transport operator to send the single to the consignee or agent as soon as possible to obtain the shipping documents, to speed up the delivery of the goods in the port of destination (land), should add in the credit and shipping documents directly by the consignor or by the multimodal transport operator to send the terms of the consignee or his agent ". By the multimodal transport operator to send a single shipper out of the need for negotiation of settlement by the multimodal transport operator, issue a receipt of shipping documents have been sent "to prove.
(4) the procedures of customs clearance.
Most of the place of delivery of general international transport of goods at the loading port, destination mostly in the port of discharge, and thus handle the formalities of customs declaration and clearance goods enter or leave the port. Departure of international multimodal transport of goods, mostly in the inland cities, inland customs of goods for transit control procedures, examined and released by the Customs of exit. The final destination of the imported goods such as the inland cities, the Customs General of the entry port inspection and regulatory procedures for transit until the goods arrive at the final destination by the local customs inspection release.

International multimodal transport characteristics:
1, the international multimodal transport under the multimodal transport contract. International multimodal transport contract is entered into by the multimodal transport operator and the consignor and the multimodal transport conditions of the contract of carriage. The contract is proof of the multimodal transport document issued by the multimodal transport operator, compensation, contract and do not contract.
International multimodal transport of goods containerized cargo or containerized goods. General as the basic unit of transport container during transport. Containerized cargo to promote the development of international multimodal transport, modern container transport since they arise from the multimodal transport closely linked to international multimodal transport has a high efficiency of container transport, high-quality, high technology, high input and systemic characteristics.
(3) at least two or more different modes of transport, international transport of goods in international multimodal transport the entire transport.
4, the international multimodal transport is one vote in the end, the implementation of the full single rate of transport. Consignor only apply for one consignment, time dollars to pay the freight, an insurance can be achieved by a transport document, the whole coherent transport the shipment to destination. Therefore, it has the characteristics of the simplification and harmonization.
5, the international multimodal transport is the umbrella organization of the different modes of transport. During transport, whether it involves divided into how many sections to the kinds of modes of transport, international multimodal transport is completed by the multimodal transport operator or organizations, international multimodal transport operator responsible for the entire transport. From the place of departure to take over the goods, delivered at the final destination of goods and the entire transport of each section the convergence of work and related services business, a branch or agent in different countries or regions by the international multimodal transport operator.
6, the international multimodal transport operator by the choice of goods transportation routes, modes of transport, the transport section of the divided and each section of the actual carrier selection to reduce transportation costs, and improve the speed of transportation, to achieve the purpose of reasonable transportation.


International multimodal transport should have the condition:
International multimodal transport shall meet the following conditions:
(1) The multimodal transport operator and the shipper must be signed between the multimodal transport contract, clearly bearing the care of the rights, obligations and immunities relationship. Multimodal transport contract is the fundamental basis for determining the multimodal transport nature, but also the difference between the main basis of the multimodal transport and general intermodal.
(2) must use the full multimodal transport document (MultimodalTransportDocuments, M.T.D · China is now used C.T.B / L). If the document is both a document of title, but also securities.
(3) must be a full single tariff. This tariff is a charge, including transportation costs (the sum of the transport fees), management fees and a reasonable profit.
(4) overall responsibility must be a multimodal transport operator for the entire transport. He is a multimodal transport contract was signed with the shipper party, but also issue a multimodal transport document or a multimodal transport bill of lading, he assumed the acceptance of the goods until delivery of the goods during the entire transport responsibility.
(5) must be coherent transport of two or more different modes of transport. Transport such as sea / sea, iron / iron, and air / air transport, for two-way, but still belongs to multimodal transport, which is an important difference in the intermodal and multimodal transport. At the same time, in a single mode of transport for short-distance car shuttle does not belong to the multimodal transport.
(6) must be the international transport of goods across borders. This is the difference between domestic transport and international transport restrictions.



International multimodal transport program:
, To accept the consignment applications for multimodal transport contract
Multimodal transport operator checked the application and transport routes proposed by the shippers, the judgment whether or not to accept applications for the consignment, the consignor or his agent reached under the two sides the transfer of goods, time, location, payment method, etc. agreement and fill in the receipt of the station, and sent to the multimodal transport operator are numbered, multimodal transport operator, the number left after the consignment of goods linked to the other joint returned to the consignor or his agent.
2, the issuance of empty containers, extraction and transportation
Container used in intermodal transport is generally provided by the multimodal transport operator, the source of these containers, there are three possible situations: one is the multimodal transport operator to the purchase of container used, the rental company to borrow box container, three the entire transport in a partial shipments, mutual agreement by the consignor own packing, the multimodal transport operator shall issue a the suitcase bill or leasing companies or Waybill issued by the suitcase handed to the consignor or its agent, by the specified date to the specified depot for their own empty container hauling to the packing of goods location, ready to load.
3, the export declaration
If the multimodal transport from the port, just in the port declaration; from inland areas, it should be in the nearby inland customs offices for customs export declaration matters are generally handled by the consignor or his agent can also be commissioned by the multimodal transport operator people to handle the customs station receipts, packing lists, export licenses and other relevant documents and files should be provided.
4, the packing of goods and acceptance of goods
If the consignor own packing, consignor or his agent to extract the empty phase in their own factories and warehouses organizations packing, packing work generally after the declaration of Customs staff to supervise the installation of the stuffing location and handling of sealed matters For the tally, should be invited to the the tallymen site tally with co-production of packing list.
For self-packing of the FCL by the owner, the consignor shall be responsible for the goods to the place stipulated by the agreement, the multimodal transport operator or his representative at the designated locations to receive the goods, if the LCL, from multi-modal CTO in the specified freight station to receive the goods after acceptance of goods, on behalf of the multimodal transport operator to receive the goods should be present at the station on the original receipt signature and deliver to the consignor or his agent.
5, booking and arrangements for the transportation of goods
After the conclusion of the contract, the multimodal transport operator shall immediately formulate the contract involved in containerized cargo transport plan, the plan should include cargo transportation routes, the division of the section, each section of the actual carrier selection and to determine the interval of convergence location arrival, departure time.
Here referred to booking refers to the multimodal transport operator to be arranged in accordance with the transportation plan consistent set of each section means of transport, and selected the actual partial shipments contract carrier to enter into each section of these contracts entered into by the multi-modal CTO himself or commissioned agents to deal with the actual carrier of the previous section may also be requested as the back section of the actual carrier booking.
Cargo transport plan arrangements must be scientific and leeway, should contact each other work, adjusted according to actual situation and plan to avoid each other out of touch.
6, the insurance
Consignor should insure the cargo insurance, the insurance is handled by the consignor, or the costs borne by the consignor and by the multimodal transport operator to handle the cargo insurance to the full insured, can also be sub- segment insurance, cargo liability insurance and container insurance in the multimodal transport operator, should be insured, by the multimodal transport operator or their agents to insurance companies or other forms of handling.
7, the issue of multimodal transport bill of lading, the organization completed the entire transportation of goods
Representatives of the multimodal transport operator to receive the goods, multimodal transport operator, the consignor should be the issue of multimodal transport bill of lading before the bill of lading to the consignor should be noted that according to agreed payment method and content, the number of payment of all fees payable to the consignor.
Multimodal transport operator has the responsibility and obligation to complete and organizations to complete the entire transport, organization of each section after the cargo has been accepted, the actual carrier, the dispatched institutions and representatives of the coordination to complete the transport of each section of each section in full interface between work and do a variety of services and transport documents, documents and information about the organization and coordination involved in the transport process.
Customs business in the transport process
The entire transport of the convention, the international multimodal transport shall be deemed to international transport of goods, so the links work, including customs clearance of cargo and container importing countries, imports of domestic land segment bonded transport procedures and customs clearance, etc., if the land transport by other national customs and inland transport routes should also include the procedures of customs clearance and bonded transportation.
If the goods in the purpose of the port of delivery, customs clearance in the port of the local Customs, if including land delivery, the bonded transportation procedures should be handled in the port to inland destinations before customs sealed, and then handled in the inland customs clearance formalities.
9, the goods pay
When the cargo to the destination by the destination agent to notify the consignee delivery, the consignee is regulated by the multimodal transport delivery, the multimodal transport operator or his agent basis having the contract, to charge the full cost payable by the consignee, to recover the issuance of the bill of lading bill of lading, delivery bill of lading to the designated yard and pick up the goods.
If FCL delivery, the consignee to be responsible for the transport of dig box location, and took out the goods after the containers shipped back to the specified yard, at this time, transportation, contract termination.
10 Freight Transport Accident
If the entire transport cargo loss, damage and delay in transit, regardless of whether they can determine the section of the damage occurred, hair (close) the goods may apply to the multimodal transport operator to claim the multimodal transport operator, in accordance with the bill of lading terms and both sides agreement to establish responsibilities and compensation, such as to determine the accident sections and those responsible for its further claims if they can not determine the accident section, generally occur in the maritime segment, if you have cargo and liability insurance exists to require the insurance company paid and further recourse to the insurance company, if the damage and the responsible person can not reach agreement, you will need to resolve the litigation and arbitration within the limitation of actions.